很多时候，知道一个单词的基本意思还不够，因为在具体语境中它代表的可能是你平时不知道的比较生僻的含义，所以，掌握熟词生意非常有必要。
高中英语“熟词生义”单词学习一览表
| 序号 | 单 词 | 熟 义 | 生 义 | 学 习 要 点 |
| 81 | raise | 提高,提升 | 筹募(钱等)；筹集 | raise funds筹集资金 |
| 提出 | raise a question提出问题 | |||
| 饲养.种植.养育 | raise corn and soybeans.种玉米和大豆raise chickens and corn 养鸡和种植玉蜀黍raise children.抚养孩子 | |||
| 引起 | raise a laugh引起一阵大笑raise doubts引起怀疑 | |||
| 82 | reach | 到达(vt); 伸出（将身体的一部分） | 联系 | I've been trying all day to reach him on the telephone.(reach=get through to)我整天都在打电话找他. |
| (手/能力可及之)距离.范围 | within reach of the shops 买东西很方便的地方The ball was out of reach.我够不着这个球。within one’s reach/ out of one’s reach | |||
| 达成（结论.协议） | reach an agreement达成协议reach no conclusion 没有得出结论 | |||
| 延伸, 达到(to, into) | The speaker’s voice didn’t reach to the back of the hall.讲演者的声音传不到大厅的后座。The garden reaches down to the lake.花园一直延伸到湖边。 | |||
| 流域 | the upper/lower reaches of a river河的上游/ 下游 | |||
| 83 | ready | 有准备的,准备完毕的 | 1.甘心的, 情愿的 | He was ready to believe her.他愿意相信她He is always ready to help others.他总是乐于帮助他人。 |
| 2.随时可有的，现成的；在手边 | ready money /cash现金sleep with his sword ready睡觉时把剑放在身边 | |||
| 84 | read | 读, 朗读.阅读 | 1. 看懂, 理解 | It’s hard to read the expression on his face.难以理解他脸上的表情。How do you read the sentence?你怎样理解这句话?I can’t read your short-hand notes.我看不懂你的速记符号。Read the clock 看钟Read a map 看地图Read music 识乐谱 |
| 2.显示 | The thermometer reads 80 degrees Fahrenheit.温度计显示华氏80度。 | |||
| 85 | realize | 意识到；明白 | 实现 | realize the modernization of their country.实现国家现代化。realized his lifelong ambition实现他毕生的理想 |
| 86 | recognize | 认出; 认识;辨认 | 承认；认可 | to recognize a new government 承认一个新政府He recognized that he was beaten.他认输了。 |
| 87 | reduce | 减少[小,轻]; 缩减.降低（价格等） | 使处于某种状态;使变成, 使成为 | be reduced to a shadow骨瘦如柴be reduced to despair陷入绝望The poor woman is reduced to begging.那个可怜的女人已沦为乞丐。 |
| 89 | refer | 谈[涉, 提]及, 提到,指(的是)；参考.查阅（与to 连用） | 1.提交, 委托 | refer a question to an expert把问题提交给专家(处理)The shop referred the complaint to the manufacturers.商店把投诉转交给制造商。 |
| 2.向...打听[查询]（与to 连用） | refer to sb. for information向某人打听消息 | |||
| 90 | regard | 把...视为,看作; | 1.尊重, 尊敬（v / n） | regard sb. highly尊重某人pay regard to public opinion重视舆论out of regard for出于对...的重视, 出于对...的考虑 |
| 2.[pl.]问候, 致意(n) | with best regards谨致问候Please give my regards to your mother.请向你妈妈问候。注意: 考纲中要求掌握：remember me to sb.代向某人问好 | |||
| 91 | regular | 有规律的；定期的, 定时的；经常的, 习惯性的, 惯例的; | 3.[美]普通的 | Do you want king size cigarettes or regular size?你要长枝的还是一般(长短)的香烟? |
| keep regular hours过有规律的生活a regular air service定期航班a regular customer老主顾a regular meeting例会 | ||||
| 92 | relation | 关系 | 1. 亲戚；亲属; 亲属关系 | Some of my relations, my mother's aunt and uncle, live in America. |
| 93 | relative | 有关的, 相关的 | 1. 相对的, 相比较的 | live in relative comfort生活得较为舒适the period of relative stability相对稳定时期 |
| 2.亲戚 | relative = relation | |||
| 补充：the facts relative to the problem与此问题有关的事实 | ||||
| 94 | remain | 依然, 仍然.；保持;（be still） | 1.停留, 留下 | remain in one's mind留在记忆中How many weeks will you remain [stay] here?你将在此停留几个星期?remain out呆在外面, 留在户外remain in呆在家里 |
| 2.剩余, 余留; | Only a few trees remain.只留下了一些树 | |||
| He remains a teacher / weak .These matters remain in doubt.这些事情仍然值得怀疑。A cure remains to be found.尚待发现的疗法It remains to be seen还要看情况发展。it remains to be seen尚待分晓Nothing remains but to只要...就行了注意: 该词只有不及物用法，没有被动； remaining( adj.剩下的) | ||||
| 95 | respect | 尊敬；尊重(v /n) | 1.[pl.]敬意, 问候 | give one's respects to向...致候 |
| 2.着眼点, 方面 | I think you are wrong in every respect .我觉得你各方面都错了。in all respects (=in every respect)无论在哪方面[哪一点]来看, 在各方面in many respects在许多方面 | |||
| 3.重视, 关心, 考虑 | We must pay respect to the needs of the general reader我们必须关心一般读者的需要。 | |||
| 96 | roll | 滚动,(使)摇摆, 卷起;轧碾; 杆面(v) | roll up the map.把地图卷起来。She rolled the string into a ball.她把线卷成一团。 | |
| 滚; 摇摆,卷状物; 卷(学校.军队等的)点名簿; 名单 | He rolled himself from side to side.他左右摇晃。 | |||
| a roll of film 一卷电影胶片call the roll 点名student roll 学生名册The thunder rolled in the distance.远处雷声隆隆。(隆隆地响)a roll of thunder 隆隆的雷声rock-and-rolln.摇滚乐, 摇滚舞 | ||||
| 97 | rush | 猛冲，奔跑，快速移动或行动;(v) 急忙；仓促(n) | 仓促；匆忙冒失地做；仓促完成，赶紧做(v) | rushed completion of the project.仓促完成这个项目rush headlong（轻率地）into marriage.仓促轻率地结了婚。rush to make a decision仓促做决定 |
| 催促(v) | Don't rush me.别催我。 | |||
| An ambulance rushed her to the hospital.救护车把它急匆匆地送到医院 | ||||
| 蜂拥.急切而焦急地到或离开某个地方(n) | a rush to the goldfields.淘金热gold rush淘金热 | |||
| 抢购.急需(n) | 抢购热潮Christmas rush 圣诞节抢购热潮a rush for gold coins.抢购金币 | |||
| 忙碌.普遍的繁忙或忙碌(n) | The office always operates in a rush.办公室的工作总是很繁忙The traffic on the streets during the rush hours came to a standstill.高峰期间马路上的交通车辆处于停止状态 | |||
| 1. rush sb.off his feet逼迫人忙得不亦乐乎2. rush out赶制出They rushed out 1000 copies of the book.他们赶印出1000册书。3. I don't like the rush of modern life.我不喜欢快节奏的现代生活。 | ||||
| 98 | save | 挽救, .解救节省, 储蓄保存, 保全,保留, | 1.免除，避免 | save me much trouble 免去我很多麻烦 saved the tourist from being cheated使旅游者免于受骗save sb.from从...救出某人, 使免于[不致, 不受]... |
| save one's face保全面子 save one's neck明哲保身 She saves （vi）in every way she can她在各方面尽量节省。 (God)save us!(表示惊讶)天啊! save (one's) breath别白费劲儿。 | ||||
| 99 | seat | 座, 座位(n)使就座 | 1.（桌子）有座位；（屋子）可容纳若干人；为…提供座位 | The big table can seat 20 guests.The hall can only seat less than 100 people.We can seat 300 in the auditorium.我们这个礼堂可容纳三百人 |
| 2.使或帮助…坐下;给…安排座位 | seat the members of the bride's family.引座员会引导新娘的家人就座seat me in the back row.给我在后排提供一个座位。 | |||
| seat oneself ; be seated ; find sb. seated at the back of the room；the people seated in the front注意seat 的用法，该词为及物动词。考试说明中有要求掌握：be seated。 | ||||
| 100 | seek | 寻找，寻求(常与for/ after 连用)企图，试图；图谋求得 | 请 求，征求 | I will seek my doctor's advice.我将请教医生的意见。seek directions from a police officer.向警官询问方向 |
| 补充：Seek and you will find.找一找，你就会发现seek shelter from rain寻找避雨的地方seeking information; 查询信息He sought to make peace.他企图讲和。seek to do good.试图行善seek help求助注意seek 的过去式和过去分词 sought; | ||||
| 101 | sense | 官能, 感觉……感 | 1.意义（n） | in a sense在某一方面；就某种意义来说make sense有意义；意思清楚；有道理make sense of理解；懂；明白 |
| 2.感觉;觉察，意识到（v） | He sensed that his proposals were unwelcome.他觉得他的建议不受欢迎。The dog sensed that I was afraid.这只狗感觉到我害怕了。Sense the danger察觉到危险 | |||
| a high sense of responsibility to the revolution高度的革命责任感common sense常识[理]There is a lot of sense in what he says.他的话颇有道理。 | ||||
| 102 | sentence | 句子 | 判决, 宣判(v / n)刑罚(n) | sentence sb.to death判处某人死刑sentence sb.to 5 years in prison判处某人5年徒刑under sentence of death被判处死刑serve one's sentence服刑capital sentence极刑, 死刑a life sentence无期徒刑，终身监禁He received a heavy sentence.他受到很重的刑罚。 |
| 103 | serve | 服务(vt), 服役(vi) | 1.提供，准备（如食物）： | serve breakfast供应早餐 |
| 2.可做；适于 | This box will serve for a seat.这箱子可当作座椅。This platform would serve as a port and a railway station.这个平台将用作港口和火车站。 | |||
| 3.上(菜); 斟(酒) | serve coffee hot把咖啡趁热端上来serve tea.上茶 | |||
| 4.担任职务 | serve as an interpreter担任译员 | |||
| It serves him right.他活该。serve the people heart and soul全心全意地为人民服务 | ||||
| 104 | service | 服役; 服务 | 1.公职部门；政府部门；服务机构 | China Travel Service中国旅行社The US Customs Service美国海关总署the security service 保安部 |
| 2.仪式；宗教仪式 | Morning service will be at 11 o'clock.早礼拜将在11点进行。 | |||
| 3.公共设施服务行业 | the telephone service 电话设施The train service to the capital is very good.去首都的火车服务设施非常好。Service station (美)加油站 | |||
| on active service 服现役at your service听您吩咐；随时供您使用do sb. a service给某人帮忙 | ||||
| 105 | settle | 解决, (使)定居 | 使平静, 使镇定[稳定] | settle (oneself) down to work安下心来工作 |
| 停留, 停息 | The bird settled on the wire.鸟停在电线上。 | |||
| 106 | sharp | 锐利的,尖的；（目光）敏锐的;（思维）敏捷的；（言词）尖刻的 | 准时地；整（adv） | at seven o'clock sharp 七点整 |
| 突然的；急剧的 | a sharp turn to the left 向左急转a sharp decline急剧下降 a sharp turn急转弯 a sharp pain.剧痛 a sharp picture 清晰图像 | |||
| 补充：be sharp in thought思维敏捷。" | ||||
| 107 | shoulder | 肩, 肩部 | 用肩抗；肩负, 承当 | shoulder the heavy boxes肩抗重盒shoulder the responsibility承担责任 |
| 用肩推，挤 | shoulder people aside 用肩膀把人挤开shoulder one's way through the crowd用肩从人群中挤过 | |||
| 补充：shoulder to shoulder 肩并肩 | ||||
| 108 | sign | 标记, 符号,牌子,告示；征兆,迹象；签名; 签署 | 1.身势，姿势；信号(n) | He made a sign for me to follow him.他向我示意跟着他（走）。 |
| 2.做手势示意(vi / vt) | He signed to /for me to be quiet.He signed me to be quiet.他做手势要我安静。 | |||
| There are no signs of life about the house.这房子没有有人住的迹象。sign in签到 sign out签名登记外出sign up for military service 报名从军sign up for a pottery course.报名参加陶器制作课程 | ||||
| 109 | solid | 固体, 立体(n).固体的,实心的, 坚固的, 结实的, 立体的(adj) | 不间断的；连续的 | two solid hours足足两个小时 |
| 真实的, 可靠的, 理由充分的 | a solid friend可靠的朋友solid arguments理由充分的论点 | |||
| 110 | sort | n.种类, 类别 | 分类, 拣选;整理 | "Sort out these papers and fasten them together with a clip, please." "请把这些文件整理一下,用夹子夹在一起。" |
| 补充：有几分；有点；相当(Somewhat; rather)I sort of expected it.我料到几分了。He is sort of disappointed.他有点失望。 | ||||
| 111 | sound | 声音（n）听起来(vi) | 使发声[响]吹号命令[通知, 庆祝], 吹...号 | sound a horn吹号角sound the alarm发警报 |
| 完好的；健全的 | A sound mind in a sound body.健全的精神寓于健全的身体。get home safe and sound平安到家 | |||
| 合理的，正确的 | sound advice 正确的忠告 | |||
| 可靠的，稳妥的 | sound basis 稳固的基础sound friends 忠实的朋友 | |||
| 彻底的，完全的 | A sound sleep 酣睡 | |||
| 彻底地；充分地 | be sound asleep | |||
| His explanation sounds all right.他的解释似乎有理。Your idea sounds a good one.你的想法听起来很好。sound a good idea / like a good idea.不用： sound to be a good idea | ||||
| 112 | spare | 备用的; .多余的, 剩下的 | 节约, 吝惜(用于否定) | spare no efforts [pains]不遗余力spare no expense不惜工本 |
| 放过, 饶恕 | He does not spare himself.他对自已要求很严。spare sb.'s life | |||
| 免除；使省去 | He did the work to spare you the trouble.他做了那件事使你免去麻烦。 | |||
| 抽出，匀出；让与 | Can you spare me this book for a while? 这本书能让我看一会儿吗?Can you spare me a few litres of petrol? 你能匀给我几公升汽油吗?Can you spare the time to help me?你能抽出这段时间帮我吗? | |||
| 补充：1）in your spare time ;a spare tire 备用轮胎a spare ticket退票2）to spare剩余；多余We paid our bills and had money to spare.我们付帐后还有节余 | ||||
| 113 | spring | 春天 | 泉水，泉 | a hot spring温泉 |
| 弹簧, 发条弹性；弹力 | The spring has run down.钟表发条走完了。 | |||
| 跳跃, 跳起（n/ v） | She sprang out of her chair to greet her father.她从椅子上跳起来迎接她父亲。 | |||
| 有弹性的; 弹簧的 | a spring mattress.弹簧垫子 | |||
| 114 | stage | .舞台 | 发展的进程, 阶段或时期 | at an early stage in our history在我们的历史早期 |
| The stage is her life.演艺事业是她的生命（前面与the连用）演员生涯go on the stage 当演员 | ||||
| 115 | stand | 站立; 座落,屹立于 | 忍受；经受 | I cannot stand waiting [to wait] any longer.再等下去我可受不了啦。stand the test of time经受时间的考验 |
| 处于某种状态 | The matter stands thus.事情就是这样。How do matters stand? 情况如何？ | |||
| 身高；高度为 | He stands six feet in his socks.他穿袜（脱鞋）时身高六英尺。The building stands over 200 feet high | |||
| 立场；主张 | take a firm stand on sth .对…采取坚定立场 | |||
| 架; 台; 摊；看台上的观众（pl） | a fruit stand水果摊a music stand乐谱架a launching stand(火箭)发射台He kicked the ball into the stands.他把球踢到了看台上 | |||
| stand by在场；靠近 ;袖手旁观（无线电台或军事方面）待命，准备行动；极力支持；忠于；信守to stand by one's promise 遵守诺言stand out明显；醒目 ;突出；杰出stand up for维护；拥护；支持 | ||||
| 116 | state | 国家, 政府,州; 国家的,国有的, 国营的, 州的,状态 | 声明, 陈述, 规定 | "Please state your name, age and occupation on the form."请在表上填写你的姓名.年龄和职业。 |
| 规定；指定 | only to be used on the stated date只能在指定日期使用 | |||
| Everything was in a state of disorder.（状态）一切都处于紊乱状态。In China, the railways are owned by the state.在中国，铁路是国有的。（国家） | ||||
| 117 | stick | n.棍, 棒, | 粘住, 粘贴 | Stick no bills.请勿张贴 |
| vt.刺, 戳 | Stick the knife into the right side | |||
| 伸出(v) | Stick out your tongue.伸出舌头stick out of the water 伸出水面 | |||
| 卡住.困住 | He was stuck by the question.他被这个问题难住了。The key stuck in the lock.钥匙卡在锁里。 | |||
| stick to粘住，坚持，忠于Stick to basic principles.坚持基本原则Stick to one’s own opinion 坚持自己地观点。 | ||||
| 118 | store | 商店, 店铺 | 贮藏, 贮备, 存储(n / v) | conserve one's strength and store up one's energy养精蓄锐a mind well-stored with facts见闻广博的人The shed will store 30 tons of coal.这个棚子能容纳30吨煤。 |
| 大量，许多 | a store of knowledge 丰富的知识 | |||
| in store存储着；预备着Who knows what the future has in store for us?谁知道我们将来会怎么样? | ||||
| 119 | strength | 力，力量；强度 | 浓度;强度 | alcoholic / working strength 酒精强度/ 劳动强度 |
| 强项，长处 | strengths and weaknesses 优点与缺点 | |||
| 补充：with all one’s strength 尽力，全力I haven't the strength to lift this table.我没有力气抬这张桌子。 | ||||
| 120 | Strike | 打, 打击;打动 | 划燃 | strike a match.划燃火柴 |
| 突然想到； 猛然悟到 | An idea suddenly struck me.我心中忽然产生一个念头。 | |||
| （疾病.地震.洪水等）侵袭；袭击 | The earthquake struck the city in the night. | |||
| （钟）敲响报（时 | The clock struck nine.钟敲了九下。 | |||
| 补充：He struck me with a stick.他用棍子打我。Strike while the iron is hot.趁热打铁；趁机行事。 | ||||
| 121 | subject | 题目, 主题,科目, 学科, [语法]主语 | 受实验者 | the subject of an experiment实验对象 |
| 易受[遭, 患]...的 | be subject to cold 易患感冒be subject to damage 易受损伤 | |||
| 使服从, 使隶属(to) (v) | subject another's will to one's own使别人的意志服从己意 | |||
| 受...支配的, 附属的 | subject to the law of the land受国家法律的管辖的be subject to taxation应纳税The schedule is subject to change without notice."时间表随时可能改变,不另行通知。注：(be) subject to服从, 以...为条件, 受...的支配; 须经, 必须得到;易遭[受,发生] | |||
| 122 | succeed | 成功 | 继...之后; 接替; 继承; 接着...发生 | succeed sb.as secretary继某人任书记Day succeeds day.日复一日。He had no son to succeed him.他没有儿子继承他。 |
| （常与to连用）继位；继承；继任 | succeed to a fortune 继承大笔遗产to succeed to the throne 继承王位 | |||
| succeed sb.as继某人出任(某职)succeed sb.in继某人接掌(某职权); 袭某人爵位[官衔]succeed to继承 | ||||
| 123 | tense | 紧张的, 拉紧的; [语法]时态 | v.(使)紧张, (使)拉紧 | He tensed his muscles for the leap.他拉紧了他的肌肉准备跳跃。He tensed as he heard it slow down.他听到它慢下来时变得很紧张。 |
| 124 | term | n.学期, | 期间，期限，特定的期间 | a term of office 任期to get a term of seven years in prison 被判7年徒刑He was made captain of the football team for a term of one year.他被推选为足球队队长，任期一年。 |
| 名词；术语 | technical terms 专门名词，术语 | |||
| (pl) 合同或协议书的条件.条款.细则 | come to terms with 与…达成协议If you agree to my terms -- free meals and good wages — I will work for you.如果你同意我的条件，免费用餐并给高薪，我就为你工作。 | |||
| vt称为；把…叫做 | His life may be termed happy.他的生活可称之为幸福。 | |||
| in the long term从长远的观点看in the short term从眼前的观点看in terms of以…的观点；就…而说on good terms好的关系on bad terms坏的关系on speaking terms友好的关系on friendly terms友善的关系on equal terms同等 | ||||
| 125 | thirsty | 渴的，口渴的 | 渴望的(for) | He is thirsty for power.他渴望掌权。 |
| 126 | tight | 紧的, 绷紧的, | 不漏水(不透气)的 | a tight boat 不漏水的 |
| （比赛）势均力敌的 | A tight race / game 不分胜负的赛跑/比赛 | |||
| 棘手的，麻烦的，困难的 | In a tight corner/ place / spot处境困难 | |||
| 127 | track | 轨迹, 车辙,航迹, 足迹,小路，小径轨道，铁轨 路线；轨迹;跑道 | 跟踪，追踪，尾随 | track game through the forest.追踪猎物穿过森林The hunter followed the animal's tracks.猎人追踪动物的足迹。 |
| 128 | trade | 贸易, 商业,交易, 生意职业, 行业, | （常与in, with连用）交易；贸易；做买卖 | We trade with other countries.我们和其他国家做生意。 |
| 以...换取...(sth.for sth.); 同某人交换某物(sth.with sb.) | .trade seats with sb和某人对换座位trade space for time以空间换取时间If you don't like your book, I'll trade with you.如果你不喜欢你的书, 我和你对换。 | |||
| 129 | treasure | n.财宝, 财富, 珍品,财产 | vt.珍爱, 珍惜, 储藏, 珍藏 | treasure sth. up in one's memory 铭记某事I treasure your friendship.我珍惜你的友谊。He treasures the watch his mother gave him.他珍爱母亲送给他的表。 |
| 130 | treat | 对待；看待 | 治疗 | to treat an illness 治病 |
| 处置；用，使用 | Glass must be treated carefully.玻璃必须小心使用。 | |||
| 宴请, 招待, 款待,做东 | treat sb.to an ice-cream请某人吃一杯冰淇淋I'll treat myself to a sunbath.我要好好地享受一次日光浴。treat his guests with courtesy;殷勤地招待他的客人；This is my treat.这次由我请客。stand treat 负担请客的费用，请客 | |||
| 131 | type | 类型 | 打字，用打字机打出 | to type a letter 用打字机打一封信 |
| 〈计〉键入 | ||||
| 132 | value | 价值 | 估价；评价; 尊重,重视 | I valued the house at 50,000 yuan.我估计这所房子值五万元。I have always valued his advice.我一向尊重他的指教。 |
| 133 | voice | 声音, 嗓音[语法]语态 | 发言权 | have a voice in this matter.对这件事有发言权 |
| vt.表达, 吐露 | voice different opinions about it对此发表不同的看法。He voiced the feelings of the crowd.他表达出群众的情绪。 | |||
| 补充：with one voice异口同声；一致地Our group rejected the proposal with one voice.我们小组一致反对提议 |